...poplar trees in Alaska, hunkering down for the winter in the moist area between dead bark and tree. Scientists like Todd Sformo have found most of them in the larval stage, where they resemble segmented worms a bit longer than a grain of rice...

...Walters and two other Notre Dame researchers worked with University of Alaska Fairbanks scientists Brian Barnes and Todd Sformo on the work. Barnes said the discovery is exciting because the antifreeze molecule works in a different part of the...

...there are the bugs. Some can be downright unearthly. Most of Alaska's insects survive winter in one of two ways. Todd Sformo, a University of Alaska Fairbanks graduate student at the Institute of Arctic Biology, studies how they do it. Two...